Iyini i-titanium dioxide?
Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-titanium dioxide yi-TIO2, okuyi-pigment ebalulekile yamakhemikhali anga-inorganic ngesimo se-white solid noma i-powder. Ayinabo ubuthi, inobumhlophe obukhulu nokukhanya, futhi ibhekwa njengombala omhlophe ongcono kakhulu wokuthuthukisa ubumhlophe bezinto. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezifana nezembozo, ipulasitiki, irabha, iphepha, uyinki, izinto zobumba, ingilazi, njll.
Ⅰ.Umdwebo wochungechunge lwemboni ye-titanium dioxide:
(I-1965)1） Ingxenye ephezulu yochungechunge lwemboni ye-titanium dioxide iqukethe izinto zokusetshenziswa, okuhlanganisa i-ilmenite, i-titanium concentrate, i-rutile, njll.;
(I-1965)2） I-midstream ibhekisela emikhiqizweni ye-titanium dioxide.
（3）Ezansi yinkambu yokusetshenziswa kwe-titanium dioxide.I-titanium dioxide isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eyahlukene efana nokwemboza, ipulasitiki, ukwenza iphepha, uyinki, irabha, njll.
Ⅱ. Isakhiwo sekristalu se-titanium dioxide:
I-titanium dioxide uhlobo lwenhlanganisela ye-polymorphous, enezinhlobo ezintathu ezivamile zekristalu emvelweni, okungukuthi i-anatase, i-rutile kanye ne-brookite.
Kokubili i-rutile ne-anatase kungohlelo lwekristalu lwe-tetragonal, oluzinzile ngaphansi kokushisa okuvamile; i-brookite ingohlelo lwekristalu lwe-orthorhombic, olunesakhiwo sekristalu esingazinzile, ngakho-ke alunalo inani elisebenzayo embonini njengamanje.
Phakathi kwezakhiwo ezintathu, isigaba se-rutile yisona esizinzile kakhulu. Isigaba se-Anatase sizoguquka ngokungenakuguqulwa sibe isigaba se-rutile esingaphezu kuka-900°C, kanti isigaba se-brookite sizoguquka ngokungenakuguqulwa sibe isigaba se-rutile esingaphezu kuka-650°C.
（1） Isigaba se-Rutile titanium dioxide
Esigabeni se-rutile titanium dioxide, ama-athomu e-Ti atholakala enkabeni ye-crystal lattice, kanti ama-athomu ayisithupha e-oxygen atholakala emakhoneni e-titanium-oxygen octahedron. I-octahedron ngayinye ixhunywe kuma-octahedron ayi-10 azungezile (kufaka phakathi ama-vertices ayisishiyagalombili okwabelana kanye nemiphetho emibili yokwabelana), futhi ama-molecule amabili e-TiO2 akha iseli eliyiyunithi.
Umdwebo we-schematic we-crystal cell ye-rutile phase titanium dioxide (kwesobunxele)
Indlela yokuxhuma ye-titanium oxide octahedron (kwesokudla)
（2）Isigaba se-Anatase titanium dioxide
Esigabeni se-anatase titanium dioxide, i-octahedron ngayinye ye-titanium-oxygen ixhunywe kuma-octahedron angu-8 azungezile (imiphetho yokwabelana engu-4 kanye nama-vertices okwabelana angu-4), kanti ama-molecule angu-4 e-TiO2 akha iseli eliyiyunithi.
Umdwebo we-schematic we-crystal cell ye-rutile phase titanium dioxide (kwesobunxele)
Indlela yokuxhuma ye-titanium oxide octahedron (kwesokudla)
Izindlela Zokulungiselela ze-Titanium Dioxide:
Inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-titanium dioxide ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi inqubo ye-sulfuric acid kanye nenqubo ye-chlorination.
(1) Inqubo ye-Sulfuric acid
Inqubo ye-sulfuric acid yokukhiqizwa kwe-titanium dioxide ihilela ukusabela kwe-acidolysis ye-titanium iron powder ene-sulfuric acid egxilile ukuze kukhiqizwe i-titanium sulfate, bese i-hydrolyzed ukuze kukhiqizwe i-metatitanic acid. Ngemva kokugaya nokuchoboza, kutholakala imikhiqizo ye-titanium dioxide. Le ndlela ingakhiqiza i-anatase kanye ne-rutile titanium dioxide.
(2) Inqubo yokukhipha i-chlorine
Inqubo yokufaka i-chlorine ekukhiqizweni kwe-titanium dioxide ihilela ukuxuba i-rutile noma i-high-titanium slag powder ne-coke bese kwenziwa i-chlorine ekushiseni okuphezulu ukukhiqiza i-titanium tetrachloride. Ngemva kokushiswa kwe-oxidation ekushiseni okuphezulu, umkhiqizo we-titanium dioxide utholakala ngokuhlunga, ukuwasha ngamanzi, ukomisa, nokuchoboza. Inqubo yokufaka i-chlorine ekukhiqizweni kwe-titanium dioxide ingakhiqiza kuphela imikhiqizo ye-rutile.
Ungahlukanisa kanjani ubuqiniso be-titanium dioxide?
I. Izindlela Zomzimba:
(I-1965)1）Indlela elula kakhulu ukuqhathanisa ukuthungwa ngokuthinta. I-titanium dioxide mbumbulu izwakala ibushelelezi, kuyilapho i-titanium dioxide yangempela izwakala ilukhuni.
(I-1965)2）Ngokuhlambulula ngamanzi, uma ubeka i-titanium dioxide esandleni sakho, leso esingelona iqiniso kulula ukulihlanza, kanti leso sangempela akulula ukusihlanza.
(I-1965)3）Thatha inkomishi yamanzi ahlanzekile bese ufaka i-titanium dioxide kuyo. Leyo entantayo phezu kwamanzi ingokoqobo, kanti leyo ehlala phansi ingumgunyathi (le ndlela ingase ingasebenzi emikhiqizweni esebenzayo noma eguquliwe).
(I-1965)4）Hlola ukuncibilika kwayo emanzini. Ngokuvamile, i-titanium dioxide iyancibilika emanzini (ngaphandle kwe-titanium dioxide eyenzelwe ngqo amapulasitiki, uyinki, kanye ne-titanium dioxide ethile yokwenziwa, engancibiliki emanzini).
II. Izindlela zamakhemikhali:
(1) Uma kufakwa i-calcium powder: Ukwengeza i-hydrochloric acid kuzobangela ukusabela okunamandla nomsindo wokuklinya, okuhambisana nokukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulu lama-bubbles (ngoba i-calcium carbonate isabela ne-acid ukuze ikhiqize i-carbon dioxide).
(2) Uma kungezwa i-lithopone: Ukwengeza i-sulfuric acid encibilikisiwe noma i-hydrochloric acid kuzokhiqiza iphunga leqanda elibolile.
(3) Uma isampula ingenawo umoya, ukufaka i-hydrochloric acid ngeke kubangele ukusabela. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokuyimanzisa nge-ethanol bese ufaka i-hydrochloric acid, uma kukhiqizwa amabhamuza, kufakazela ukuthi isampula iqukethe i-calcium carbonate powder egcotshwe ngendwangu.
III. Kukhona nezinye izindlela ezimbili ezinhle:
(1) Ngokusebenzisa ifomula efanayo ye-PP + 30% GF + 5% PP-G-MAH + 0.5% titanium dioxide powder, lapho amandla ezinto eziphumayo ephansi, kulapho i-titanium dioxide (rutile) iba yiqiniso khona.
(2) Khetha i-resin esobala, njenge-ABS esobala ene-0.5% titanium dioxide powder engeziwe. Kala ukuhanjiswa kwayo kokukhanya. Uma ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kuphansi, kulapho i-titanium dioxide powder iba yiqiniso khona.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-31-2024
