Kodi titaniyamu dioxide ndi chiyani?
Gawo lalikulu la titanium dioxide ndi TIO2, yomwe ndi utoto wofunikira wa mankhwala osapangidwa m'chilengedwe womwe ndi wolimba kapena ufa woyera. Siwopsereza, uli ndi kuyera kwambiri komanso kuwala, ndipo umaonedwa kuti ndi utoto woyera wabwino kwambiri wowongolera kuyera kwa zinthu. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga zokutira, mapulasitiki, rabara, mapepala, inki, ziwiya zadothi, magalasi, ndi zina zotero.
Ⅰ.Chithunzi cha unyolo wa makampani a titaniyamu dioxide:
(a)1） Kumtunda kwa unyolo wa makampani a titanium dioxide kumapangidwa ndi zinthu zopangira, kuphatikizapo ilmenite, titanium concentrate, rutile, ndi zina zotero;
(a)2） Pakati pa mawuwa amatanthauza zinthu zopangidwa ndi titanium dioxide.
(3) Pansi pake pali gawo la titaniyamu dioxide lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito.Titanium dioxide imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga zokutira, mapulasitiki, kupanga mapepala, inki, rabala, ndi zina zotero.
Ⅱ. Kapangidwe ka galasi la titaniyamu woipa:
Titanium dioxide ndi mtundu wa mankhwala ophatikizana, omwe ali ndi mitundu itatu yofanana ya makristalo, omwe ndi anatase, rutile ndi brookite.
Rutile ndi anatase zonse ndi za tetragonal crystal system, zomwe zimakhala zokhazikika pa kutentha kwabwinobwino; brookite ndi ya orthorhombic crystal system, yokhala ndi kapangidwe kosakhazikika ka kristalo, kotero ilibe phindu lalikulu m'makampani pakadali pano.
Pakati pa nyumba zitatuzi, gawo la rutile ndilo lokhazikika kwambiri. Gawo la Anatase lidzasanduka losasinthika kukhala gawo la rutile pamwamba pa 900°C, pomwe gawo la brookite lidzasanduka losasinthika kukhala gawo la rutile pamwamba pa 650°C.
(1) Rutile gawo titaniyamu woipa
Mu gawo la rutile titanium dioxide, maatomu a Ti amapezeka pakati pa lattice ya kristalo, ndipo maatomu asanu ndi limodzi a okosijeni amapezeka pamakona a octahedron ya titanium-oxygen. Octahedron iliyonse imalumikizidwa ndi ma octahedron 10 ozungulira (kuphatikiza ma vertices asanu ndi atatu ogawana ndi m'mphepete ziwiri zogawana), ndipo mamolekyu awiri a TiO2 amapanga selo limodzi.
Chithunzi chojambula cha selo la kristalo la rutile phase titanium dioxide (kumanzere)
Njira yolumikizira titanium oxide octahedron (kumanja)
(2) Anatase gawo titaniyamu dioxide
Mu gawo la anatase titanium dioxide, octahedron iliyonse ya titanium-oxygen imalumikizidwa ku ma octahedron 8 ozungulira (mbali zinayi zogawana ndi ma vertices anayi ogawana), ndipo mamolekyu 4 a TiO2 amapanga selo imodzi.
Chithunzi chojambula cha selo la kristalo la rutile phase titanium dioxide (kumanzere)
Njira yolumikizira titanium oxide octahedron (kumanja)
Ⅲ. Njira Zokonzekera Titanium Dioxide:
Njira yopangira titaniyamu dioxide imaphatikizapo makamaka njira ya sulfuric acid ndi njira ya chlorination.
(1) Njira ya asidi wa sulfure
Njira yopangira titanium dioxide ya sulfuric acid imaphatikizapo acidolysis reaction ya titanium iron powder yokhala ndi concentrated sulfuric acid kuti ipange titanium sulfate, yomwe kenako imapangidwa ndi hydrolyzed kuti ipange metatitanic acid. Pambuyo pa calcination ndi slag, zinthu za titanium dioxide zimapezeka. Njirayi imatha kupanga anatase ndi rutile titanium dioxide.
(2) Njira yopangira chlorine
Njira yopangira titanium dioxide chlorine imaphatikizapo kusakaniza ufa wa rutile kapena titanium slag wambiri ndi coke kenako n’kuchita chlorine yotentha kwambiri kuti apange titanium tetrachloride. Pambuyo pa kutentha kwambiri, titanium dioxide imapezeka kudzera mu kusefa, kutsuka m’madzi, kuumitsa, ndi kuphwanya. Njira yopangira titanium dioxide chlorine imangopanga zinthu za rutile.
Kodi mungasiyanitse bwanji kutsimikizika kwa titaniyamu woipa?
I. Njira Zogwirira Ntchito:
(a)1）Njira yosavuta ndiyo kuyerekeza kapangidwe kake pongokhudza. Titanium dioxide yabodza imamveka bwino, pomwe titanium dioxide yeniyeni imamveka yolimba.
(a)2）Mukatsuka ndi madzi, ngati muyika titanium dioxide m'dzanja lanu, lobodza limakhala losavuta kutsuka, pomwe loona silikhala losavuta kutsuka.
(a)3）Tengani kapu ya madzi oyera ndikuyikamo titanium dioxide. Yoyandama pamwamba ndi yeniyeni, pomwe yomwe imakhazikika pansi ndi yabodza (njira iyi singagwire ntchito pazinthu zoyambitsidwa kapena zosinthidwa).
(a)4）Onani momwe imasungunuka m'madzi. Kawirikawiri, titanium dioxide imasungunuka m'madzi (kupatula titanium dioxide yopangidwira makamaka mapulasitiki, inki, ndi titanium dioxide yopangidwa, yomwe siisungunuka m'madzi).
II. Njira za mankhwala:
(1) Ngati ufa wa calcium wawonjezeredwa: Kuwonjezera hydrochloric acid kumayambitsa kuyankha kwamphamvu ndi phokoso lolira, limodzi ndi kupanga thovu lalikulu (chifukwa calcium carbonate imachita ndi asidi kuti ipange carbon dioxide).
(2) Ngati lithopone yawonjezeredwa: Kuwonjezera sulfuric acid yochepetsedwa kapena hydrochloric acid kungapangitse fungo la dzira lovunda.
(3) Ngati chitsanzocho chili chopanda hydrophobic, kuwonjezera hydrochloric acid sikungayambitse vuto. Komabe, mutachinyowetsa ndi ethanol kenako ndikuwonjezera hydrochloric acid, ngati thovu lapangidwa, zimatsimikizira kuti chitsanzocho chili ndi ufa wa calcium carbonate wokutidwa.
III. Palinso njira zina ziwiri zabwino:
(1) Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomweyi ya PP + 30% GF + 5% PP-G-MAH + 0.5% titanium dioxide powder, mphamvu ya zinthu zomwe zatulukapo imakhala yotsika, titanium dioxide (rutile) imakhala yeniyeni kwambiri.
(2) Sankhani utomoni wowonekera bwino, monga ABS yowonekera bwino yokhala ndi ufa wa titanium dioxide wa 0.5%. Yesani momwe kuwala kumayendera. Pamene kuwala kukuchepa, ufa wa titanium dioxide umakhala weniweni.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-31-2024
