Dioxyde ya titanium ni iki?
Igice cy'ingenzi cya titanium dioxide ni TIO2, ikaba ari ibara ry'ingenzi rya shimi ridafite umwimerere mu buryo bw'ibumba ry'umweru cyangwa ifu. Ntabwo ari uburozi, rifite umweru mwinshi kandi rirabagirana, kandi rifatwa nk'ibara ry'umweru ryiza cyane mu kunoza umweru w'ibikoresho. Rikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nko gusiga, plastiki, rabha, impapuro, wino, ceramic, ikirahuri, n'ibindi.
Ⅰ.Imbonerahamwe y'uruhererekane rw'inganda za dioxyde ya titanium:
(cyangwa se1） Igice cyo hejuru cy’uruhererekane rw’inganda za titanium dioxide kigizwe n’ibikoresho fatizo, birimo ilmenite, titanium concentrate, rutile, nibindi;
(cyangwa se2） Hagati yerekeza ku bikomoka kuri titaniyumu ya dioxyde.
（3）Inyuma ni aho titanium dioxide ikoreshwa.Dioxyde ya titanium ikoreshwa cyane mu bintu bitandukanye nko gusiga, pulasitiki, gukora impapuro, wino, kabutike, nibindi.
Ⅱ. Imiterere ya kristu ya dioxyde ya titanium:
Dioxyde ya titanium ni ubwoko bw'ikintu kigizwe na polymorphous, gifite imiterere itatu isanzwe ya kristu, ari yo anatase, rutile na brookite.
Rutile na anatase byombi biri mu bwoko bwa tetragonal crystal system, zihamye mu bushyuhe busanzwe; brookite iri mu bwoko bwa orthorhombic crystal system, ifite imiterere idahindagurika ya crystal system, bityo ikaba ifite akamaro gato mu nganda muri iki gihe.
Muri izo nyubako eshatu, igice cya rutile ni cyo gihamye cyane. Igice cya Anatase kizahinduka burundu kikaba igice cya rutile kiri hejuru ya 900°C, mu gihe igice cya brookite kizahinduka burundu kikaba igice cya rutile kiri hejuru ya 650°C.
（1）Dioxide ya titanium ikoze mu gice cya Rutile
Muri dioxyde ya titanium ikoze mu cyiciro cya rutile, atome za Ti ziba ziri hagati muri lattice ya kristu, naho atome esheshatu za ogisijeni ziba ziri mu mfuruka za octahedron ya titanium-ogisijeni. Buri octahedron ihujwe na octahedron 10 ziyikikije (harimo impande umunani zisangira n'impande ebyiri zisangira), kandi molekile ebyiri za TiO2 zikora akaremangingo kamwe.
Ishusho y'ishusho y'akaremangingo ka kristu ka dioxyde ya titanium phase rutile (ibumoso)
Uburyo bwo guhuza titanium oxide octahedron (iburyo)
（2）Dioxide ya titanium y'igice cya Anatase
Muri dioxyde ya titanium ikoze mu cyiciro cya anatase, buri octahedron ya titanium-oxygen ihujwe na octahedron 8 ziyikikije (inkombe 4 zisangiye n'impande 4 zisangira), kandi molekile 4 za TiO2 zikora akaremangingo kamwe.
Ishusho y'ishusho y'akaremangingo ka kristu ka dioxyde ya titanium phase rutile (ibumoso)
Uburyo bwo guhuza titanium oxide octahedron (iburyo)
Uburyo bwo gutegura Titanium Dioxide:
Uburyo bwo gukora dioxyde ya titanium ahanini burimo uburyo bwa aside sulfuriki n'uburyo bwa chlorine.
（1）Inzira ya aside sulfuriki
Uburyo aside sulfurike ikorwamo dioxyde ya titaniyumu bukoresha aside sulfurike ikoreshwa mu gukora ifu ya titaniyumu ikoresheje aside sulfurike nyinshi kugira ngo ikore titaniyumu sulfate, hanyuma igakorwamo aside metatitanike. Nyuma yo gusya no gusya, haboneka ibintu bikomoka kuri titaniyumu. Ubu buryo bushobora gukora anatase na dioxyde ya titaniyumu ya rutile.
（2）Inzira yo gushushanya chlorine
Uburyo bwo gukora chlorine mu gukora dioxyde ya titanium burimo kuvanga ifu ya rutile cyangwa ifu ya titanium ifite slag nyinshi na coke hanyuma hagakorwa chlorine mu bushyuhe bwinshi kugira ngo hakorwe titanium tetrachloride. Nyuma yo gukora oxidation mu bushyuhe bwinshi, umusaruro wa titanium dioxyde uboneka binyuze mu kuyungurura, gukaraba amazi, kumisha no gusya. Uburyo bwo gukora chlorine mu gukora dioxyde ya titanium bushobora gukora gusa ibicuruzwa bya rutile.
Ni gute watandukanya ukuri kwa titanium dioxide?
I. Uburyo bwo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri:
(cyangwa se1)Uburyo bworoshye ni ukugereranya imiterere y'ikintu ukoresheje intoki. Dioxyde ya titanium y'impimbano yumva yoroshye, mu gihe Dioxyde ya titanium nyayo yumva yoroshye.
(cyangwa se2)Iyo wogeje n'amazi, iyo ushyizeho dioxyde ya titanium ku kuboko kwawe, iyo mpimbano yoroshye kuyimesa, mu gihe iyo nyayo yoroshye kuyimesa.
(cyangwa se3)Fata igikombe cy'amazi meza usukemo dioxyde ya titanium. Ireremba hejuru ni nyayo, mu gihe ihagaze hasi ari impimbano (ubu buryo bushobora kudakora ku bikoresho byakoreshejwe cyangwa byahinduwe).
(cyangwa se4)Reba neza uko ishonga mu mazi. Muri rusange, dioxyde ya titanium ishongeshwa mu mazi (usibye dioxyde ya titanium yagenewe pulasitiki, wino, na dioxyde ya titanium ikoze mu nganda, idashongeshwa mu mazi).
II. Uburyo bwa chimique:
(1) Iyo wongeyeho ifu ya kalisiyumu: Kongeramo aside hydrochloric bizatuma habaho imikorere ikomeye hamwe n'urusaku rusakuza, ruherekejwe no gukora uduheri twinshi (kuko kalisiyumu karubone ikorana na aside igatanga dioxyde de carbone).
(2) Iyo hongewemo lithopone: Kongeramo aside sulfurike cyangwa aside hydrochloric bizatuma habaho impumuro y'igi riboze.
(3) Niba icyitegererezo kirimo hydrochloric, kongeramo aside hydrochloric ntabwo bizatera ikibazo. Ariko, nyuma yo kugitoseshamo ethanol hanyuma ukongeramo aside hydrochloric, iyo habayeho uduheri, bigaragaza ko icyitegererezo kirimo ifu ya calcium carbonate itwikiriwe.
III. Hariho kandi ubundi buryo bubiri bwiza:
(1) Hakoreshejwe formula imwe ya PP + 30% GF + 5% PP-G-MAH + 0.5% ifu ya titanium dioxide, uko imbaraga z'ibikoresho bivamo ziba nke, niko titanium dioxide (rutile) iba nyayo.
(2) Hitamo resin ibonerana, nka ABS ibonerana yongewemo ifu ya titanium dioxide ya 0.5%. Pima uburyo urumuri runyuramo. Uko urumuri runyuramo ari ruto, ni ko ifu ya titanium dioxide iba nyayo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-31-2024
