Njengezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu embonini efana nokwemboza, ipulasitiki, iphepha, kanye nerabha, i-titanium dioxide yaziwa ngokuthi “i-MSG yemboni.” Ngenkathi isekela inani lemakethe elifinyelela ku-RMB 100 billion, lo mkhakha wamakhemikhali wendabuko ungena enkathini yokulungiswa okujulile, ubhekene nezinselele eziningi ezifana nomthamo oweqile, ingcindezi yemvelo, kanye nokuguqulwa kwezobuchwepheshe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivelayo kanye nokuhlukana kwezimakethe zomhlaba wonke kuletha amaphuzu amasha okuguqula amaqhinga embonini.
01 Isimo Semakethe Yamanje kanye Nezithiyo Zokukhula
Imboni ye-titanium dioxide yaseShayina okwamanje ilungiswa ngokujulile kwesakhiwo. Ngokusho kwedatha yocwaningo, inani lokukhiqiza eShayina lifinyelele cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-4.76 ngo-2024 (cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.98 athunyelwe kwamanye amazwe kanye namathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.78 athengiswa ngaphakathi). Imboni ithinteka kakhulu yizici ezimbili ezihlangene:
Isidingo Sasekhaya Singaphansi Kwengcindezi: Ukwehla kwezindlu kuholele ekwehleni okukhulu kwesidingo sezingubo zokuhlobisa izakhiwo, okunciphisa isabelo sezinhlelo zokusebenza zendabuko.
Ingcindezi Ezimakethe Zaphesheya Kwezwe: Ukuthunyelwa kwe-titanium dioxide eShayina kwehlile, kanti izindawo ezinkulu zokuthumela kwamanye amazwe njengeYurophu, iNdiya, neBrazil zithinteke kakhulu yizinyathelo zokulwa nokulahla inkunkuma.
Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi ngo-2023 kuphela, abakhiqizi be-titanium dioxide abancane nabaphakathi abangu-23 baphoqeleka ukuvala ngenxa yokungalandeli izindinganiso zemvelo noma uchungechunge lwezimali oluphukile, okubandakanya amathani angaphezu kuka-600,000 omthamo waminyaka yonke.
02 Isakhiwo Senzuzo Esihlukaniswe Kakhulu
Uchungechunge lwemboni ye-titanium dioxide lusukela ezinsizeni ze-titanium ore ezikhuphukayo kuya ekukhiqizweni okuphakathi ngezinqubo ze-sulfuric acid kanye ne-chloride, futhi ekugcineni kuya ezimakethe zokusetshenziswa ezingezansi.
Umfudlana ongaphezuluAmanani e-titanium ore yasekhaya kanye ne-sulfur ahlala ephezulu.
Ukusakaza OkuphakathiNgenxa yezingcindezi zemvelo nezindleko, isilinganiso sesilinganiso sabakhiqizi benqubo ye-sulfuric acid sehlile, kanti amanye ama-SME kanye nabasebenzisi abasezansi babhekene nokulahlekelwa.
Ngaphansi komfula: Isakhiwo sishintsha kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwendabuko kunqunyelwe, kuyilapho izimo ezintsha "zithatha izintambo" kodwa zisilele emuva ekuhambisaneni nesivinini sokwandiswa kwamandla. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi ukumbozwa kwezindawo zokugcina amadivayisi ezokwelapha kanye nezinto zokuxhumana nokudla, ezidinga ubumsulwa obuphezulu kanye nokufana kwezinhlayiya, ngaleyo ndlela ziqhubekisela phambili ukukhula kwemikhiqizo ekhethekile.
03 Ukuhlukaniswa Kwendawo Yokuncintisana Yomhlaba Wonke
Ukubusa kwezinkampani ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe kuya ngokuya kuncipha. Amasheya emakethe ezinkampani zakwamanye amazwe ayancipha, kuyilapho abakhiqizi baseShayina bethola indawo emakethe yaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ngezinzuzo ezihlanganisiwe zechungechunge lwezimboni. Isibonelo, amandla enqubo ye-chloride ye-LB Group adlule amathani angu-600,000, kanti izimboni zaseShayina ze-titanium dioxide ziyaqhubeka nokwandisa isabelo sazo semakethe, zilinganisa ngqo nabadlali abaphezulu emhlabeni jikelele.
Njengoba ukuhlanganiswa kwemboni kushesha, isilinganiso sokuhlushwa kwe-CR10 kulindeleke ukuthi sidlule u-75% ngo-2025. Kodwa-ke, abasanda kungena basavela. Izinkampani eziningana zamakhemikhali e-phosphorus zingena ensimini ye-titanium dioxide ngokusebenzisa izinsiza ze-asidi elahliwe, imodeli yomnotho ojikelezayo enciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza futhi eshintsha imithetho yokuncintisana yendabuko.
04 Isu Lokuphumelela Lango-2025
Ukuphindaphinda kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo kuyisihluthulelo sokuthuthuka. I-titanium dioxide yebanga le-nano ithengiswa ngentengo ephindwe kahlanu kunemikhiqizo ejwayelekile, kanti imikhiqizo yezinga lezokwelapha inezinzuzo ezinkulu ezingaphezu kuka-60%. Ngakho-ke, imakethe ye-titanium dioxide ekhethekile kulindeleke ukuthi idlule ama-RMB ayizigidigidi eziyi-12 ngo-2025, ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe esingu-28%.
Ukuthunyelwa komhlaba wonke kuvula amathuba amasha. Naphezu kwezingcindezi zokulwa nokulahla izimpahla, umkhuba "wokuya emhlabeni wonke" awukashintshi—noma ubani obamba imakethe yamazwe ngamazwe ubamba ikusasa. Okwamanje, izimakethe ezisafufusa njenge-India ne-Vietnam zibhekene nokukhula kwesidingo sokugqoka minyaka yonke esingu-12%, okunikeza ithuba elihle lokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-China. Njengoba ibhekene nesilinganiso semakethe esilindelwe esingu-RMB 65 billion, umjaho wokuthuthukisa izimboni usungene esigabeni sawo sokusheshisa.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe imboni ye-titanium dioxide ngekhwalithi ephezulu, noma ngubani ofinyelela ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo, ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, kanye nokuhlanganiswa komhlaba wonke uzothola inzuzo yokuqala kulo mjaho wokuthuthukisa we-trillion-yuan.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-04-2025
